How do ASCII, Unicode and UTF-8 relate?

ASCII is the old 7-bit standard with 128 characters. Unicode keeps those as its first 128 code points, and UTF-8 encodes exactly those in a single byte. That is why Latin letters are one byte in UTF-8 while a Chinese character takes three.

Why does 128-255 look different everywhere?

ASCII stops at 127; above that every legacy encoding went its own way. This table shows Latin-1 (ISO-8859-1), while in GBK the same bytes are half of a Chinese character — which is exactly how mojibake happens.

What is the difference between \x41, \101 and \u0041?

All three mean the letter A: \x41 is hex, \101 is octal and \u0041 is a Unicode code point. Use whichever your language supports in strings and regular expressions.

Should I use CR or LF?

Unix, macOS and HTTP bodies use LF (\n); Windows text files use CR LF (\r\n). For cross-platform work, normalise the repository to LF and pin it down with .gitattributes or .editorconfig.

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🔤ASCII Table - Full 0-127 Chart with Control Codes and Escapes

ASCII charts are everywhere, but most of them are just columns of numbers. This one adds decimal, hex, octal, binary and the escape form you would type in code, and then explains what each of the first 32 control characters actually does — which one Ctrl+C sends, which one beeps the terminal, which one starts an ANSI colour sequence. Below the table there is a small converter: paste any text, emoji and Chinese included, and get each character's Unicode code point and UTF-8 bytes, which is the quickest way to track down an encoding problem.

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How to use ASCII Table

1Browse the table, or search by character, number (65 or 0x41) or name (newline, ESC)
2Use the group buttons to show only control characters, digits, letters or the extended range
3Paste the text you are debugging into the text to code points box
4Copy the escape form or HTML entity straight into your code

FAQ

How do ASCII, Unicode and UTF-8 relate?: ASCII is the old 7-bit standard with 128 characters. Unicode keeps those as its first 128 code points, and UTF-8 encodes exactly those in a single byte. That is why Latin letters are one byte in UTF-8 while a Chinese character takes three.
Why does 128-255 look different everywhere?: ASCII stops at 127; above that every legacy encoding went its own way. This table shows Latin-1 (ISO-8859-1), while in GBK the same bytes are half of a Chinese character — which is exactly how mojibake happens.
What is the difference between \x41, \101 and \u0041?: All three mean the letter A: \x41 is hex, \101 is octal and \u0041 is a Unicode code point. Use whichever your language supports in strings and regular expressions.
Should I use CR or LF?: Unix, macOS and HTTP bodies use LF (\n); Windows text files use CR LF (\r\n). For cross-platform work, normalise the repository to LF and pin it down with .gitattributes or .editorconfig.